Bicycle



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet; 1.

F. SGHR ADER.

BICYCLE.

No. 416,016. Patented Nov. 26, 1889.

71 b'fiiwssw Irv/0010601 (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. F. SOHRADER.

. BIGYOLE. No. 416,016. l Patented N0v.;26. 1889.

ff G143.

wvith the casing removed.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK SCI-IRADER, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

BICYCLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,016, dated November 26, 1889.

Application filed June 14, 1889. Serial No. 314,267. (No model.)

To (tZZ whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, FREDERICK SCHRADER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Bicycles, of which the following is a specification.

One object of my invention is to hide from view and protect the brake mechanism of a bicycle, and a further object of the invention is to so construct the clutch mechanism that an even and easy running motion is obtained, as fully described hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side View of a bicycle of the safety type with my improvements. Fig. 2 is an end view, looking in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section of the vertical handle-bar, illustrating the brake mechanism. Fig. 4 is a section of the clutch on the line 1 2, Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 3 4, Fig. 4:. Fig. 6 is a face view of the clutch Fig. 7 is a face view of the clutch with the clutch-plate. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the clutch-plate or friction-dog. Fig. 9 is adetached view of the treadle-spring; and Figs. 10 and 1.1. are detached perspective views of portions of the spring mechanism; and Fig. 2 is a detached perspective view of the treadle-lever.

A is the front wheel of the bicycle, and B the rear wheel.

D is the front yoke, to whiehis pivoted the front Wheel. cal standard or handle-bar D, having at its upper end the handle cross-head E, provided with suitable handle-arms E.

Pivoted to the standard D is a sleeve 1)", to which are attached the longitudinal frames F, extending to and forming the bearings for the rear wheel 13. I11 these hearings can be placed any of the well-known anti-friction devicessueh, for instance, as balls or their equivalents.

Projecting from the longitudinal frame F is a curved bar F, bent, as shown, and adapted to this bar is the spindle g of the seat-frame G, constructed in the usual manner. This bar F is braced by a tie-iron f, extending to or nearly to the rear bearing for the wheel B.

This yoke is secured to a verti- 111 the hollow standard D is the brake mechanism.

Referring to Fig. 3, H is the brake-rod, which passes through the standard D, it be ing pivoted at its lower end to the brake-shoe H, which is pivoted at h to a bracket-standard, and on this red H is a collar it, between which and a shoulder (1, formed by the upper end of the yoke D, is a spring 1-1 by which the brake-shoe is kept out of engagement with the front wheel A, as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 3.

Pivoted to one of the handle-arms at e is a brake-lever I, having one end bent to form a lip i, which projects over the top of the rod ll, so that on drawing this lever toward the handle-bar it will press upon the brake-rod II and force the brake H upon the wheel A. Thus it will be seen that the clothing of the rider will not catch the brake appliance, nor

will the brake become injured or bent, as it is incased throughout its length by the hollow standard D.

The head E of the handle-bar is pivoted to the standard D, so that it can be turned on the standard, as indicated by the dotted line in Fig. 1, and secured in place by a thumbscrew 6 when in proper position for riding. The object is to turn the handle without turning the wheel, for the purpose of packing or placing the bicycle close against thewall, the handle being out'of the way.

The treadle-lever J is of the peculiar construction shown in Fig. 12, and is pivoted at j to the frame F, there being one of these 1evers on each side of the machine. The treadle has a foothold j of the usual form, and pivoted to this lever is a segmental rack J,having teeth on its inner edge, the rack being secured in position 011 the lever by a tie-rod 7' as shown in Figs. 1 and 12. This rack engages with a pinion K, Fig. 6, which is on the axle L of the wheel B. The pinion K is loose on this axle, but has a pin 7.5, adapted to pass into an orifice m in a friction-pawl plate M, Fig. 8. This pawl-plate has three frictionsurfaces, one on on its periphery and one at each side m m as shown in Figs. 5 and 8. This friction-pawl plate M rests betweenthe clutch-casing N and a disk N, screwed into said clutch-casing, the inner face of bot-h the clutch-face and disk being beveled to fit the beveled faces m and m of the pawl-plate M, and the inner periphery of the clutch-case is turned perfectly true, so as to form an accurate bearing for the face m of the pawl-plate. Thus it will be seen that when the frictionpawl M is moved in the direction of its arrow it will engage with the case of the clutch, and as this case is secured to the shaft L it will turn said shaft the proper distance, and con sequently the wheel B, and drive the machine forward; but on the return movement of the treadle-lever J the clutch-pawl will be reversed and will slip without turning the clutch-casing and the shaft. A spring on the pinion K presses against a lug n on the pawland tends to keep the pawl at all times in contact with the bearing-face of the casing.

The disk N is screwed into the clutch-oasing Nand can be adjusted to take up the wear of the pawl-plate M. A finger 011 the disk engages with one of the notches in the easing, thus holding the disk in the adjusted position. The hub of the disk i is notched, and adapted to the notch is a lug n on the nut 01 secured to the axle. Thus the clutchcasing is secured to the axle through the medium of the disk and nut, as shown in Fig. 5.

To return the treadle-lever always to its .normal position, I secure a coiled spring P to astud P on the leverJ and connect the outer end of this spring to the frame F through the medium of a rod 1). The stud P has a groove 10, in which rests the end 19 of the spring, and 011 the outer end of this stud is a ratchet-wheel 19 the teeth of which engage with a pawl pt on the lever J so that the tension of the spring can be regulated. By mounting the spring P on the lever substantially as shown, the outer end of the spring extending rearward and connected to the frame near the pivot-point, it will be seen that a heavy spring can be used, which is not liable to break, as the movement of said spring is trifling in comparison with a spring mounted in the usual way, and a much finer adjustment is thus obtained.

Directly below the segmental rack J is a pawl q, pivoted at q to the lever J, a spring (1 acting on this pawl to force it between the teeth of the pinion K. One end of each tooth is pointed, so that the pawl cannot strike the head of a tooth, but must pass between the teeth. The object of this pawl is to adjust the teeth of the pinion to come into accurate mesh with the teeth of the rack when the lever is pressed, avoiding breaking of the teeth. Thus the machine can be run back when necessary without fear of the rack striking a tooth of the pinion on its next forward movement, as the pawl always keeps the teeth of can adjust the rack toward and from the pinion in the firstinstance in order that the rack will mesh accurately with the pinion, as in some cases the rack will spring and become distorted.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination, in a bicycle, of the wheels, the axle of the rear wheel having a pinion, friction mechanism between the pinion and the axle, with a segmental rack and a pawl carried by the lever and adapted to engage with the teeth of the pinion, so as to make an accurate mesh wit-h the teeth and allow for rearward movement, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the foot-lever, friction mechanism, and pinions, with a pivoted rack on said foot-lever and means for adjusting said rack, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of the pinion, the friction-pawl N, having three bearing-faces m m m with clutch-casing and disk having.

faces against which the pawl m acts, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the pinion having a pin 70, a clutch-pawl pivoted to said pinion, the clutch-casing, and a spring is, adapted to act upon the pawl and force it in contact with the clutch-casing, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the driven part of the clutch, with a pawl M, attached to said driven portion, with a casing, a disk between which the pawl rests, and means for taking up the wear on said pawl, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination of the pinion K, having teeth, portions of which are blunt and portions pointed, with a rack adapted to engage with said teeth, and a pawl carried by the rack or its carrier and adapted to pass between the pointed portions of the teeth, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination of the axle, a clutchcasing thereon, friction-plate in said casing, with a disk adaptedto be screwed into said casing, a finger on the disk adapted to openings in the casing, with a nut on the axle having a lug adapted to a recess in the disk, substantially as specified.

8. The combination, ina bicycle, of the footlever, and driving mechanism, with a spring coiled around a stud and having one end secured to the frameof the machine, and means for taking up and adjusting the spring, substantially as described.

9. The combination, in a bicycle, of the frame, the treadle-lever pivoted thereto, with a spring carried wholly by the treadle-lever, an extension of said spring extending rearward toward the pivot and connected to the frame near the pivot-point, substantially as described.

10. The combination, in a bicycle, of the frame, the treadle-lever pivoted thereto, a stud on said lever, with a spring mounted on said stud. and having an extension attached In testimony whereof Ihave signed myname to the frame, substantially as specified. to this specification in the presence of two IO 11. The combination, in a bicycle, of the subscribing Witnesses.

frame, the treadle-lever pivoted to the rear end of said frame, a stud on the lever, with a FREDERICK bCHRADER' spring mounted on said stud, and a link se- Witnesses: cured to one end ofsaid spring and to the HENRY HOWSON, frame, substantially as set forth. HARRY SMITH. 

